Radiology Residency Programs

The Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Radiology 1 course covers the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the abdomen and gastrointestinal tract, disorders of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, small bowel diseases, colon and rectal diseases, the non-traumatic acute abdomen, and disorders of the peritoneum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, and abdominal wall, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret abdominal and gastrointestinal imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the abdomen and gastrointestinal tract, and detecting esophageal, gastric, and duodenal disorders based on imaging findings.
• CPMK2 — Capable of relating the pathophysiology and imaging findings of small bowel diseases and colon and rectal diseases to clinical manifestations and disease staging.
• CPMK3 — Capable of diagnosing the causes of the non-traumatic acute abdomen and differentiating disorders of the peritoneum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, and abdominal wall from other gastrointestinal pathological processes based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Musculoskeletal Radiology 1 course covers the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the musculoskeletal system, bone and joint trauma, joint diseases (degenerative, inflammatory, crystal-induced, and internal derangement), infectious and metabolic as well as other non-neoplastic bone diseases, bone tumors, and soft tissue tumors and tumor-like lesions, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret musculoskeletal imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the musculoskeletal system, and detecting fractures and dislocations based on imaging findings.
• CPMK2 — Capable of relating the pathophysiology and imaging findings of joint diseases, bone infections, and metabolic and other non-neoplastic bone diseases to clinical manifestations.
• CPMK3 — Capable of diagnosing bone and soft tissue tumors and differentiating them from infection, trauma, and tumor-like lesions based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Radiology 1 course covers the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the thorax and cardiovascular system, diseases of the lung parenchyma and airways, pulmonary nodules and malignancy, diseases of the pleura, mediastinum, and chest wall, heart and great vessel diseases, thoracic and cardiovascular emergencies, and the differentiation of thoracic and cardiovascular abnormalities, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret thoracic and cardiovascular imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the thorax and cardiovascular system, and detecting lung parenchymal and airway disorders based on imaging findings.
• CPMK2 — Capable of relating the pathophysiology and imaging findings of lung neoplasms, pleural and mediastinal diseases, and heart and vascular diseases to clinical manifestations and disease staging.
• CPMK3 — Capable of diagnosing thoracic and cardiovascular emergencies and differentiating thoracic and cardiovascular abnormalities from other pathological processes based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Ultrasonography (USG) course covers the physics of ultrasound waves, instrumentation, Doppler, artifacts, and examination safety, ultrasound of the upper abdomen, urogenital tract, gastrointestinal tract and acute abdomen, interventional ultrasound, obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound, thyroid and neck, breast, musculoskeletal, vascular, thoracic, pediatric, and emergency ultrasound, as well as elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), preparing radiology residents to perform and interpret ultrasound examinations accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the physical principles, instrumentation, Doppler, artifacts, and safety of ultrasonography and relating them to ultrasound findings of the upper abdomen (hepatobiliary system, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, and retroperitoneum).
• CPMK2 — Capable of detecting and diagnosing ultrasound abnormalities of the urogenital tract, gastrointestinal tract, acute abdomen, obstetrics, and gynecology, including the principles of guiding interventional procedures, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of differentiating superficial (thyroid, neck, breast), musculoskeletal, vascular, thoracic, pediatric, and emergency abnormalities, and examining the indications for elastography and CEUS, based on ultrasound findings in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Neuroradiology and Head and Neck Radiology 1 course covers brain anatomy and imaging techniques, vascular and advanced imaging, contrast media and safety, neurovascular diseases, head trauma, infections, demyelinating and inflammatory diseases, brain tumors, head and neck imaging (neck spaces, sinonasal region, orbit, temporal bone, skull base, and malignancies), as well as cerebrospinal fluid disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, congenital malformations, epilepsy, and metabolic encephalopathies, preparing radiology residents to interpret neuroradiology and head and neck imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining neuroradiology imaging techniques, vascular imaging, and safety, and relating them to the imaging findings of neurovascular diseases.
• CPMK2 — Capable of detecting and diagnosing head trauma, infections, demyelinating diseases, and brain tumors based on imaging findings in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of differentiating head and neck abnormalities, cerebrospinal fluid disorders, neurodegenerative, congenital, and metabolic diseases based on imaging findings in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Technology-Based Radiology Service Management course covers service management concepts and digital transformation, radiology information systems (RIS, HIS, and PACS), interoperability, teleradiology, artificial intelligence and advanced imaging technology, quality management, patient and radiation safety, workflow optimization, structured reporting, technology planning and procurement, financing, human resources, regulation, information security, risk management, ethics, leadership, data analytics, innovation, and service strategy formulation, preparing radiology residents to manage technology-based radiology services in a high-quality and safe manner in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the architecture of radiology information systems (RIS, PACS, and interoperability) and relating it to teleradiology, artificial intelligence, and advanced imaging technology in radiology services.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining the quality, safety, workflow, and reporting of radiology services and relating them to planning, financing, human resources, and regulation in accordance with the standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of analyzing information security risks, ethical issues, and leadership, and organizing data analytics, innovation, and strategies for developing technology-based radiology services in accordance with the standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Breast and Female Reproductive Radiology 1 course covers the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the breast (mammography, tomosynthesis, ultrasonography, and MRI), mammography interpretation and BI-RADS assessment, benign and malignant breast lesions together with screening and interventional procedures, the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the female reproductive system, uterine disorders, ovarian and adnexal disorders, and gynecologic malignancies and their staging, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret breast and female reproductive imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the breast, detecting mammographic findings based on BI-RADS categories, and relating the imaging findings of benign and malignant breast lesions to clinical manifestations and staging, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining the radiological anatomy and imaging techniques of the female reproductive system, detecting uterine disorders, and diagnosing and differentiating ovarian and adnexal disorders and gynecologic malignancies based on imaging findings and FIGO staging, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Interventional Radiology 1 course covers the basic principles, equipment, and image guidance of interventional radiology, patient safety and radiation protection, non-vascular interventions (percutaneous biopsy, drainage, and biliary, urinary, and gastrointestinal interventions), vascular access and diagnostic angiography, endovascular therapy of peripheral vascular disease, embolization, and central venous access and complications of vascular procedures, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to examine the indications, techniques, and complications of basic interventional radiology procedures precisely and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the principles, equipment, and image guidance of interventional radiology, detecting procedural risks, and relating the indications, techniques, and complications of non-vascular interventions to imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining vascular access techniques and angiographic anatomy, detecting and describing peripheral vascular disease, and diagnosing and differentiating hemorrhage, vascular disorders requiring embolization, and complications of vascular procedures based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Emergency Radiology 2 course covers the imaging of neurological emergencies (head, facial, neck, and spinal trauma, acute ischemic stroke, and other non-traumatic neurological emergencies), thoracic and cardiovascular emergencies (thoracic trauma, pulmonary and pleural emergencies, acute aortic syndromes, pulmonary embolism, and cardiac emergencies), abdominal and pelvic emergencies (abdominal and pelvic trauma and gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, urogenital, and gynecologic emergencies), as well as musculoskeletal, pediatric, and emergency radiology management (musculoskeletal trauma and infection, pediatric emergencies, polytrauma imaging, contrast reactions, and critical findings communication), together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret emergency imaging accurately and promptly in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the imaging findings of head, facial, neck, and spinal trauma, detecting intracranial abnormalities in acute ischemic stroke and other non-traumatic neurological emergencies, and relating the imaging findings to clinical manifestations and immediate management decisions, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining the imaging findings of thoracic trauma and pulmonary-pleural emergencies, detecting acute aortic syndromes, pulmonary embolism, and cardiac emergencies, and diagnosing and differentiating the causes of acute chest pain and dyspnea based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of examining the imaging findings of abdominal and pelvic trauma based on organ injury scales, detecting non-traumatic gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic emergencies, and diagnosing and differentiating urogenital and gynecologic emergencies based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK4 — Capable of examining the imaging findings of musculoskeletal trauma and infection and pediatric emergencies, organizing the imaging of polytrauma patients and the management of contrast reactions, and relating critical findings to result communication and patient safety, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The CT Scan (Computed Tomography Scan) course covers the basic principles and instrumentation of CT, image reconstruction and image quality, acquisition parameters and CT protocols, radiation dose and radiation protection in CT, the use of contrast media, head, neck, and chest CT protocols, abdominal and pelvic CT, CT angiography, cardiac CT, musculoskeletal and spine CT, interventional CT, dual-energy CT and advanced CT technology, pediatric CT and special conditions, and quality assurance, reporting, and patient safety in CT, together with their correlation with physical principles, pathophysiology, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to plan protocols, optimize dose, and interpret CT accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the basic principles, instrumentation, image reconstruction, image quality, and acquisition parameters of CT, and organizing CT protocols, dosimetry, dose optimization, and quality assurance, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of organizing the use of contrast media and the management of contrast reactions in CT, examining the protocols of head CT, cerebral CT angiography and perfusion, temporal bone, sinus, and neck CT, and detecting their pathological findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of examining the protocols and detecting the findings of chest CT, abdominal CT, gastrointestinal CT, and pelvic CT, and diagnosing and differentiating thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic disorders based on CT findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK4 — Capable of examining the protocols and detecting the findings of aortic and peripheral CT angiography, cardiac CT, and musculoskeletal and spine CT, and examining interventional CT, dual-energy CT, advanced CT technology, and pediatric CT and special conditions, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) course covers the physical principles and instrumentation of MRI, pulse sequences and advanced techniques, artifacts, MRI safety and gadolinium-based contrast media, central nervous system MRI (brain and spine) and head and neck MRI, musculoskeletal MRI, abdominal and pelvic MRI (hepatobiliary, pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, gastrointestinal tract, prostate, and female reproductive system), breast and cardiac MRI, MR angiography, pediatric and fetal MRI, and whole-body MRI with structured reporting and quality control, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to perform and interpret MRI examinations accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the physical principles, instrumentation, pulse sequences, and advanced techniques of MRI, detecting artifacts, and organizing MRI safety and the use of gadolinium-based contrast media, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining the MRI anatomy of the central nervous system and the head and neck, detecting and describing congenital, vascular, infectious, demyelinating, and spinal disorders, and diagnosing and differentiating tumors based on MRI findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of examining the anatomy and protocols of musculoskeletal, abdominal, and pelvic MRI, detecting and describing lesions, differentiating masses, and relating MRI findings to tumor staging, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK4 — Capable of examining and diagnosing breast, cardiac, and vascular disorders based on MRI findings, describing pediatric, fetal, and oncologic MRI findings, and solving clinical cases through structured reporting and quality control, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Pediatric Radiology 1 course covers the principles of pediatric imaging and radiation protection, normal radiological anatomy and developmental variants in children, neonatal and pediatric chest radiology, congenital heart disease, pediatric gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic disorders, pediatric uroradiology, pediatric genital and pelvic disorders and abdominal tumors, trauma and child abuse, pediatric musculoskeletal disorders, neonatal cranial ultrasonography and pediatric head and neck, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to perform and interpret pediatric imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the principles of pediatric imaging and the normal radiological anatomy of children, and detecting, describing, and differentiating neonatal and pediatric chest disorders based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining and differentiating congenital heart disease, and detecting, describing, and diagnosing pediatric gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic disorders based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of examining and describing pediatric uroradiological, genital, and pelvic disorders, differentiating abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors along with their staging, and specifying injuries in pediatric trauma and child abuse, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK4 — Capable of detecting and differentiating pediatric musculoskeletal disorders (developmental, infectious, traumatic, dysplastic, and metabolic), examining neonatal cranial ultrasonography and pediatric head and neck findings, and solving integrated cases through structured reporting, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Proposal Seminar course covers the fundamentals and ethics of health research, problem formulation and literature review, theoretical and conceptual frameworks, observational, diagnostic, and experimental research designs, population, sampling, and sample size, instruments and imaging data management, statistical analysis, proposal writing and reporting guidelines, critical appraisal of the literature, scientific integrity, and presentation techniques, revision, and the proposal seminar examination, preparing radiology residents to develop, present, and defend radiology research proposals accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the principles and ethics of health research, formulating radiology research problems, and organizing the literature review, theoretical framework, conceptual framework, and appropriate research design in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining and determining the population, sample, sample size, instruments, and imaging data management, and differentiating appropriate statistical analysis methods for radiology research in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of describing and organizing the structure of a radiology research proposal, examining reporting guidelines, and relating the results of critical literature appraisal and scientific integrity principles to the proposal being prepared in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK4 — Capable of examining and organizing presentation materials, diagnosing proposal weaknesses through peer review, and detailing proposal revisions and follow-up actions after the proposal seminar in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Radiology 2 course covers imaging of the liver (anatomy, diffuse disease, focal lesions, vascular disorders, and transplantation), the biliary system, pancreas, and spleen, disorders of the small bowel and colon, the peritoneum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, and diaphragm, acute abdomen and abdominal trauma, abdominal interventional procedures, postoperative imaging, and abdominal oncology (staging and treatment response), together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret abdominal and gastrointestinal imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the anatomy and imaging techniques and detecting and diagnosing disorders of the liver, biliary system, pancreas, and spleen based on imaging findings, and relating them to pathology and clinical manifestations, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating inflammatory, ischemic, obstructive, and neoplastic disorders of the small bowel and colon, and examining and describing disorders of the peritoneum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, and diaphragm based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of diagnosing and differentiating acute abdominal emergencies and abdominal trauma, examining the principles of interventional procedures and postoperative imaging, and organizing the staging and treatment response of abdominal tumors based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Musculoskeletal Radiology 2 course covers the imaging of bone and soft tissue tumors together with image-guided biopsy and treatment response evaluation, the imaging of infections, arthritis, metabolic bone diseases, the diabetic foot, and bone marrow disorders, the MRI of spinal and major joint disorders together with sports injuries, as well as pediatric musculoskeletal disorders, postoperative imaging, and interventional procedures, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret musculoskeletal imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the imaging characteristics of bone and soft tissue tumors, detecting and differentiating benign, malignant, and tumor-like lesions, and relating imaging findings to staging, image-guided biopsy, and treatment response, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining the imaging findings of infections, degenerative and inflammatory arthritis, microcrystalline arthropathies, metabolic bone diseases, the diabetic foot, and bone marrow disorders, and diagnosing and differentiating them by relating pathophysiology and clinical manifestations, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of examining the radiological anatomy and disorders of the spine and major joints on imaging, particularly MRI, detecting sports injuries and pediatric musculoskeletal disorders, and relating postoperative imaging findings and interventional procedures to their complications, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Radiology 2 course covers HRCT and interstitial lung diseases, airway diseases, congenital lung abnormalities, and advanced pulmonary infections, pulmonary nodules, lung carcinoma, and staging, pleural, mediastinal, diaphragmatic disorders, and thoracic trauma, cardiac imaging (coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, valvular disease, and pericardial disease), as well as aortic diseases, pulmonary thromboembolism, congenital heart disease, and post-interventional imaging, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret thoracic and cardiovascular imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining HRCT techniques and basic lung patterns, and detecting and differentiating interstitial lung diseases, airway diseases, congenital lung abnormalities, and advanced pulmonary infections based on chest radiographic and CT findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of detecting and diagnosing pulmonary nodules and lung carcinoma and relating CT and PET/CT findings to TNM staging, and differentiating disorders of the pleura, mediastinum, diaphragm, and chest wall, including thoracic trauma, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of examining cardiac anatomy and imaging techniques and diagnosing and differentiating coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, valvular and pericardial disease, aortic diseases, pulmonary thromboembolism, and congenital heart disease based on imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Forensic Radiology 1 course covers the concepts, scope, medicolegal aspects, and ethics of forensic radiology, postmortem imaging techniques (radiography, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography, postmortem CT, postmortem MRI, and postmortem CT angiography), age estimation, sex determination, and forensic identification, trauma of the head, face, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, musculoskeletal system, vasculature, and spine, gunshot wounds, blast injuries, and foreign bodies, body packing, thermal injuries, drowning, environmental injuries, and gas embolism, non-traumatic sudden death, child abuse and domestic violence, and forensic radiology reporting and expert testimony, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, injury mechanisms, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret forensic imaging accurately and defensibly in legal proceedings in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the concepts, medicolegal aspects, and ethics of forensic radiology and postmortem imaging techniques, and relating imaging findings to age estimation, sex determination, and forensic identification, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of detecting and describing the imaging findings of trauma to the head, face, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, musculoskeletal system, vasculature, and spine, and relating them to injury mechanisms and fracture dating, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of diagnosing and differentiating the imaging findings of gunshot wounds, blast injuries, foreign bodies, body packing, thermal injuries, drowning, environmental injuries, and gas embolism, and distinguishing them from postmortem changes and artifacts, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK4 — Capable of solving cases of non-traumatic sudden death, child abuse, and domestic violence through examination of imaging findings, and organizing objective and defensible forensic radiology reports and expert testimony, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Radionuclide and Molecular Imaging course covers the fundamentals of nuclear physics, radiopharmaceuticals, gamma camera, SPECT, and PET instrumentation, image quality control, radiation protection and patient dosimetry, the principles of molecular imaging, bone, endocrine, renal, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal scintigraphy, cardiac, pulmonary, brain, lymphatic, and infection and inflammation imaging, FDG and non-FDG oncologic PET/CT, radionuclide therapy and theranostics, and hybrid imaging and structured reporting, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret radionuclide and molecular imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the fundamentals of nuclear physics, radiopharmaceuticals, instrumentation, image quality control, radiation protection, and patient dosimetry, and relating molecular imaging principles to patient preparation, protocols, and basic interpretation, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of detecting and diagnosing disorders of the musculoskeletal, endocrine, genitourinary, hepatobiliary, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and brain systems, as well as lymphatic, infectious, and inflammatory conditions, based on nuclear medicine imaging findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of relating FDG and non-FDG PET/CT findings in malignancies to staging and treatment response, and organizing the indications, dosimetry, and safety of radionuclide therapy and theranostics, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Breast and Female Reproductive Radiology 2 course covers advanced breast imaging techniques (tomosynthesis and contrast-enhanced mammography), difficult cases, screening of dense and high-risk breasts, special breast conditions, breast cancer imaging for staging and treatment response, breast interventional procedures, radiology-pathology correlation and quality audit, benign gynecologic disorders (Müllerian anomalies, infertility, endometriosis, adenomyosis, and ovarian and adnexal disorders), obstetric imaging and obstetric-gynecologic emergencies, gynecologic malignancies and their staging, gynecologic interventional radiology, and pelvic floor imaging, together with their correlation with pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, preparing radiology residents to interpret breast and female reproductive imaging accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining advanced breast imaging techniques (tomosynthesis, contrast-enhanced mammography, and MRI), detecting difficult cases and special breast conditions, and relating the imaging findings of breast cancer to staging, treatment response, interventional procedures, and radiology-pathology correlation, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of diagnosing and differentiating benign gynecologic disorders, and relating the imaging findings of obstetrics and obstetric-gynecologic emergencies to pathophysiology and radiation safety in pregnancy, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of relating the imaging findings of gynecologic malignancies to FIGO staging, treatment response, and recurrence, and organizing gynecologic interventional procedures, pelvic floor assessment, and structured radiology reports, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Interventional Radiology 2 course covers vascular access and endovascular devices, interventions for peripheral arterial, aortic, renal artery, and visceral artery disease, embolization (gastrointestinal hemorrhage and trauma, bronchial, obstetric and gynecologic, prostate, varicocele, and vascular malformations), interventional oncology (TACE, TARE, and percutaneous ablation), biliary and portal hypertension interventions, venous interventions (deep vein thrombosis, inferior vena cava filters, chronic venous disease, venous and dialysis access), neurointervention, non-vascular, musculoskeletal, and pain management interventions, pediatric and special-population interventions, as well as complication management, quality, and patient safety, preparing radiology residents to examine indications, plan, and perform interventional radiology procedures safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining the indications, techniques, devices, and procedural safety of endovascular interventions for peripheral arterial, aortic, renal artery, and visceral artery disease, and organizing embolization strategies for hemorrhage and vascular disorders, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining and detailing the indications, techniques, and response assessment of interventional oncology, hepatobiliary, portal hypertension, and venous interventions (deep vein thrombosis, chronic venous disease, and venous and dialysis access), in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of differentiating the indications and techniques of neurointervention and solving clinical problems in non-vascular, musculoskeletal, pain, pediatric, and special-population interventions, including organizing complication management and patient safety, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Neuroradiology and Head and Neck 2 course covers advanced neuroradiology imaging techniques, brain tumors and treatment response, infection, demyelination, neurodegeneration, epilepsy, and metabolic-toxic disorders, the orbit, ear and temporal bone, sinonasal region and skull base, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, salivary glands, deep neck space infections, cervical lymph nodes and staging of head and neck carcinoma, congenital neck masses and post-treatment imaging, degenerative disease, tumors, infection, and trauma of the spine, head trauma, pediatric and neonatal neuroradiology, cerebrovascular disease, cranial nerves and headache, emergency neuroradiology, structured reporting, as well as quality and safety, preparing radiology residents to perform and interpret neuroradiology and head and neck examinations accurately in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining advanced neuroradiology imaging techniques and differentiating brain tumors, treatment response, infection, demyelination, neurodegeneration, epilepsy, and metabolic-toxic disorders based on CT and MRI findings, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of diagnosing and examining abnormalities of the orbit, ear, sinonasal region, skull base, pharynx, larynx, salivary glands, and neck spaces and detailing the staging and post-treatment evaluation of head and neck carcinoma, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of differentiating spinal, traumatic, pediatric, and cerebrovascular abnormalities, solving diagnostic problems in emergency and cranial nerve cases, and organizing structured reporting, quality, and safety, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Emergency Radiology 3 course covers imaging of polytrauma and of thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, head, spinal, and musculoskeletal trauma, non-traumatic musculoskeletal and spinal emergencies, pediatric emergencies, acute gynecologic, obstetric, and urological emergencies, imaging in pregnancy, vascular and neurovascular emergencies, imaging of critically ill patients, poisoning and environmental injury, contrast reactions and patient safety, as well as the management of emergency radiology services in mass casualty incidents, teleradiology, and critical findings communication, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize the imaging of emergency patients accurately, promptly, and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and relating imaging findings in polytrauma and in thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, head, spinal, and musculoskeletal trauma, and detecting non-traumatic musculoskeletal and spinal emergencies, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing pediatric, obstetric, gynecologic, and acute urological emergencies, including organizing modality selection and radiation safety in children and pregnancy, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of diagnosing vascular and neurovascular emergencies and solving clinical problems in critically ill patients, poisoning, environmental injury, and contrast reactions, including organizing mass casualty management, critical findings communication, quality, and patient safety, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Pediatric Radiology 2 course covers neonatal brain imaging, malformations, tumors, infections, and vascular disorders of the pediatric central nervous system, pediatric head-neck and musculoskeletal disorders, congenital urinary tract, genital, and gynecologic disorders, pediatric abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors, congenital heart disease, pediatric thoracic, pulmonary, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic disorders, pediatric oncology, congenital gastrointestinal disorders, neonates, genetic syndromes, and metabolic diseases, advanced imaging techniques, pediatric interventional radiology and nuclear medicine, imaging of children with chronic disease, transplantation, and hematologic-systemic disorders, as well as radiation safety, ethics, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize pediatric imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in pediatric brain, spinal, head-neck, and musculoskeletal disorders, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing genitourinary, gynecologic, cardiovascular, thoracic, hepatobiliary, and oncologic disorders in children, including organizing modality selection and treatment response assessment, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on pediatric gastrointestinal disorders, neonates, genetic syndromes, and metabolic diseases and solving clinical problems in children with chronic disease, including organizing advanced imaging techniques, radiation safety, ethics, and diagnostic integration, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Publication of Research Results course covers the principles of scientific publication, research integrity and ethics, reporting guidelines (STARD, STROBE, CONSORT, PRISMA, CARE, and CLAIM), IMRaD manuscript preparation (research question, title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion), statistical analysis and diagnostic accuracy, critical appraisal of the literature and systematic reviews, case reports, pictorial essays, and scientific presentations, journal selection, manuscript submission, peer review and revision, the production process, impact metrics, intellectual property, and the dissemination of research results, preparing radiology residents to examine, prepare, and publish radiology research ethically and with high quality in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing the principles of scientific publication, research ethics, reporting guidelines, and the IMRaD manuscript structure in radiology research, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of examining and detailing statistical analysis, diagnostic accuracy measurement, critical appraisal of the literature, and the preparation of systematic reviews and non-original radiology manuscripts, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of differentiating journal selection strategies and solving problems in manuscript submission, peer review, manuscript production, and the dissemination of radiology research, including organizing authorship ethics, intellectual property, and impact metrics, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Radiology 3 course covers advanced imaging of liver disorders, portal hypertension, hepatic vascular disorders, and liver transplantation and surgery, biliary and pancreatic disorders, tumors of the esophagus, stomach, small bowel, colorectum, and anorectum with their staging, inflammatory bowel disease, appendicitis, diverticulitis, obstruction, ischemia, and gastrointestinal infection, disorders of the peritoneum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, spleen, adrenal glands, and abdominal wall, abdominal trauma and acute abdomen, abdominal interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, as well as postoperative imaging, patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize abdominal and gastrointestinal imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in liver disorders, portal hypertension, hepatic vascular disorders, liver transplantation, and biliary and pancreatic disorders, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing tumors, inflammatory disease, obstruction, ischemia, and infection of the gastrointestinal tract, including organizing staging and modality selection, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on disorders of the peritoneum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, spleen, and abdominal wall and on abdominal trauma, and solving clinical problems through interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, and postoperative imaging, including organizing patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Musculoskeletal Radiology 3 course covers advanced imaging of bone and soft tissue tumors, bone metastases, inflammatory, degenerative, and crystal arthritis, metabolic bone disease, infection, and vascular and hematologic bone disorders, degenerative disorders and trauma of the spine, pelvic and complex extremity trauma, postoperative and implant imaging, joint and sports injuries of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, and foot, disorders of muscle, tendon, peripheral nerve, vascular, and congenital origin, musculoskeletal interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, as well as patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize musculoskeletal imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in bone and soft tissue tumors, bone metastases, arthritis, metabolic disorders, and musculoskeletal infection, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing degenerative disorders and trauma of the spine, complex trauma, postoperative complications, and joint and sports injuries, including organizing modality selection and classification systems, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on muscle, tendon, peripheral nerve, vascular, and congenital musculoskeletal disorders and solving clinical problems through interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, and diagnostic integration, including organizing patient safety, structured reporting, and ethics, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Radiology 3 course covers advanced imaging of pulmonary nodules, lung carcinoma and its staging, mediastinal tumors, pleural, chest wall, and diaphragmatic disorders, interstitial lung disease, airway disease and cystic lung disease, advanced pulmonary infections, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, congenital heart disease, valvular disease, cardiac masses and the pericardium, acute aortic syndromes, chronic aortic disease, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary hypertension, peripheral arterial and venous disease, thoracic trauma, pulmonary and airway emergencies, intensive care imaging and medical devices, postoperative and post-treatment thoracic imaging, thoracic and cardiovascular interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, as well as patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize thoracic and cardiovascular imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in pulmonary nodules, lung carcinoma, mediastinal tumors, pleural, chest wall, and diaphragmatic disorders, diffuse lung disease, and advanced pulmonary infections, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, congenital heart disease, valvular disease, cardiac masses and pericardial disease, aortic disease, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary hypertension, and peripheral arterial and venous disease, including organizing modality selection and imaging protocols, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on thoracic trauma, pulmonary and airway emergencies, intensive care imaging and medical devices, and postoperative and post-treatment thoracic imaging, and solving clinical problems through thoracic and cardiovascular interventional radiology and advanced imaging techniques, including organizing patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Neuroradiology and Head and Neck Radiology 3 course covers advanced imaging of brain tumors, extra-axial and sellar region tumors, and spinal and spinal cord tumors, stroke and cerebrovascular disease, demyelinating and autoimmune disease, head and neck tumors and disorders (oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, sinonasal tract, skull base, salivary glands, thyroid, neck, ear, and orbit), central nervous system infection, head trauma, neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy, and developmental brain disorders, spinal and spinal cord disorders, pediatric neuroradiology, metabolic and toxic central nervous system disease, neurointervention, advanced imaging techniques, as well as patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize neuroradiology and head and neck imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in brain tumors, extra-axial and sellar region tumors, spinal and spinal cord tumors, stroke and cerebrovascular disease, and demyelinating and autoimmune disease, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing head and neck tumors and disorders, central nervous system infection, head trauma, neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy, and developmental brain disorders, including organizing modality selection and staging systems, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on spinal and spinal cord disorders, pediatric neuroradiology, and metabolic and toxic central nervous system disease and solving clinical problems through neurointervention, advanced imaging techniques, and diagnostic integration, including organizing patient safety, structured reporting, and ethics, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation course covers the basic concepts of physical medicine and rehabilitation, the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), functional assessment, physical modalities, orthoses and prostheses, neurological rehabilitation (stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, spasticity, and neurogenic dysfunction), musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation, musculoskeletal pain and image-guided interventions, cardiorespiratory, oncological, pediatric, and geriatric rehabilitation, electrodiagnosis, imaging in rehabilitation practice (musculoskeletal ultrasound, videofluoroscopy, bone densitometry, and MRI and CT), as well as patient safety, evidence-based practice, telerehabilitation, ethics, and diagnostic-rehabilitative integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize imaging in rehabilitation patients accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing the basic concepts of physical medicine and rehabilitation, functional assessment, physical modalities, orthoses and prostheses, and neurological rehabilitation, and relating them to imaging and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing musculoskeletal and pain disorders, and conditions in cardiorespiratory, oncological, pediatric, and geriatric rehabilitation, including organizing modality selection and image-guided interventions, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on imaging in rehabilitation practice and solving clinical problems through patient safety, evidence-based practice, and telerehabilitation, including organizing ethics and diagnostic-rehabilitative integration, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Thesis course covers the complete preparation and conduct of an independent research project by radiology residents, from identifying clinical problems, searching and critically appraising the literature, formulating research questions and conceptual frameworks, designing the study, sample, imaging protocol, and reference standard, preparing the thesis proposal and obtaining ethical approval, collecting and managing imaging data, image interpretation, quality control and patient data protection, statistical analysis (descriptive, diagnostic accuracy, interobserver reliability, regression, survival, and prediction model validation), presenting results, discussion, and conclusions, writing the thesis report, results seminar and thesis examination, through to converting the thesis into a scientific article, authorship ethics, and dissemination of results, preparing radiology specialist program participants to conduct radiology research ethically, scientifically, and with high quality in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing clinical problems, knowledge gaps, conceptual frameworks, and radiology research designs and methods in preparing a thesis proposal, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of organizing the conduct of research and the collection and management of imaging data, and examining and detailing the analysis of radiology research data, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of relating research findings to the literature and clinical practice, solving problems in writing the thesis report, and differentiating strategies for the results seminar, examination, and publication of a radiology thesis, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Breast and Female Reproductive Radiology 3 course covers advanced imaging of breast screening and diagnostics, breast carcinoma, advanced breast ultrasound and MRI, breast interventions, posttreatment and implant imaging, neoadjuvant response assessment, special breast conditions, and mammography quality assurance, disorders of the uterus, cervix, and ovary, endometriosis, pelvic infection, and infertility, first trimester obstetrics, fetal evaluation, the placenta, obstetric complications, and radiology in pregnancy, pelvic floor, vaginal and vulvar, congenital, pediatric and adolescent disorders, abnormal uterine bleeding and postmenopausal conditions, gynecologic and obstetric interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, as well as patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize breast and female reproductive imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in breast screening and diagnostics, breast carcinoma, breast interventions, posttreatment and implant imaging, and special breast conditions, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing disorders of the uterus, cervix, ovary, endometriosis, pelvic infection, infertility, and obstetric, fetal, and placental disorders, including organizing modality selection and classification systems, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on pelvic floor, vaginal and vulvar, congenital, and pediatric and adolescent disorders, and abnormal uterine bleeding and postmenopausal conditions and solving clinical problems through interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, and diagnostic integration, including organizing patient safety, structured reporting, and ethics, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Interventional Radiology 3 course covers interventional oncology (transarterial chemoembolization, radioembolization, and percutaneous ablation), arterial vascular interventions (peripheral arterial disease, aortic aneurysm, visceral vascular disorders, and elective embolization), venous interventions, dialysis access, and nonvascular interventions (biliary, gastrointestinal, drainage, and urologic), neurointervention (acute ischemic stroke, intracranial aneurysm, cerebral vascular malformations, and head and neck), emergency, obstetric-gynecologic, and urologic interventions, as well as patient safety, coagulation management, radiation and contrast protection, management of complications, and ethics, preparing radiology specialist program participants to examine, diagnose, and organize interventional radiology procedures appropriately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing the indications, techniques, and imaging findings of interventional oncology and arterial vascular interventions, and relating them to management decisions, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing venous, nonvascular, cerebrovascular, and head and neck disorders requiring interventional procedures, including organizing technique selection and classification systems, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of solving clinical problems through emergency, obstetric-gynecologic, and urologic interventions and elaborating on patient safety, management of complications, and ethics in interventional radiology, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Pediatric Radiology 3 course covers pediatric neuroradiology and head and neck disorders, pediatric cardiothoracic imaging, pediatric oncology, musculoskeletal disorders, trauma, and child abuse, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, urogenital, and abdominal emergency imaging, pediatric interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, as well as radiation protection, patient safety, structured reporting, and diagnostic integration, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize pediatric imaging accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in pediatric neuroradiology, head and neck, and cardiothoracic disorders, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing tumors and musculoskeletal disorders, trauma, and child abuse in children, including organizing staging, treatment response assessment, and modality selection, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on and diagnosing gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, urogenital, and abdominal emergency disorders in children and solving clinical problems through interventional radiology, advanced imaging techniques, and diagnostic integration, including organizing radiation protection, patient safety, structured reporting, and ethics, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Emergency Radiology 4 course covers advanced imaging of neuroradiologic and head and neck emergencies, thoracic and cardiovascular, abdominal, urogenital, and gynecologic-obstetric emergencies, polytrauma and musculoskeletal emergencies, peripheral vascular emergencies, pediatric and pregnancy-related emergencies, point-of-care ultrasound, emergency interventional radiology, oncologic, toxicologic, environmental, and iatrogenic emergencies, as well as modality selection, patient safety, critical findings reporting, ethics, and disaster preparedness, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize emergency imaging quickly, accurately, and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining and detailing imaging findings in neuroradiologic, head and neck, thoracic, and cardiovascular emergencies, and relating them to diagnosis and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing abdominal, urogenital, gynecologic-obstetric, polytrauma, musculoskeletal, peripheral vascular, and pediatric emergencies, including organizing modality selection and injury scaling systems, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on oncologic, toxicologic, environmental, and iatrogenic emergencies and solving clinical problems through point-of-care ultrasound, emergency interventional radiology, and diagnostic integration, including organizing patient safety, critical findings reporting, ethics, and disaster preparedness, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.

The Imaging of Degenerative and Metabolic Disorders course covers degenerative disorders of the spine and peripheral joints, metabolic bone and joint disorders including osteoporosis, bone mineral disorders, crystal arthropathies, and osteonecrosis, neurodegenerative and metabolic brain disorders, as well as metabolic steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and sarcopenia, preparing radiology residents to examine, diagnose, and organize imaging of degenerative and metabolic disorders accurately and safely in line with the Standard of Professional Education for Radiology Specialists (Indonesian Medical Council Regulation Number 93 of 2021).

• CPMK1 — Capable of examining, detailing, and diagnosing imaging findings in degenerative disorders of the spine and peripheral joints, and relating them to severity, segmental stability, and management, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK2 — Capable of differentiating and diagnosing metabolic bone and joint disorders, including osteoporosis, bone mineral disorders, crystal arthropathies, and osteonecrosis, including attributing imaging findings to metabolic causes and organizing modality selection and treatment monitoring, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.
• CPMK3 — Capable of elaborating on and diagnosing neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic encephalopathies, as well as detecting and solving clinical problems in metabolic steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and sarcopenia through diagnostic integration and structured reporting, in accordance with the competency standards of the Indonesian Medical Council for radiology specialists.